A civil damages claim is a legal process. In almost every case the institution is sued on the basis they're legally responsible for the conduct of the perpetrator.
The outcome of a civil damages claim is a payment of monetary compensation (also known as 'damages') to you, the survivor of abuse.
Compensation will be assessed and calculated based on the individual circumstances of your case. A civil damages claim entitles you to be compensated for:
- the psychological impact on you resulting from the abuse ('pain and suffering')
- lost income, to the extent your working life and career earnings have been affected including ongoing lost income if you're not yet of retirement age
- treatment costs (e.g. medication and counselling) you've already paid
- ongoing treatment costs.
You may also seek a personal response from the responsible institution, including an apology.
The claim can differ according to the state you live in, but the principles are the same.